FOTENIX puts lab-quality crop analytics in producers’ hands

Agri-TechE Article
Agri-TechE

To provide affordable crop diagnostics in real-time, agri-tech start-up FOTENIX has miniaturised lab quality technology so it can be used in the field. Spectral image data is captured with a standard camera and LED flash and transmitted for analysis in the cloud, with results delivered to producers’ smartphones. The compact device is the size of a shoebox and can be integrated into farm equipment. It was unveiled at Agri-Tech’s seminal REAP Conference on Wednesday 6 November 2019.
Crop diagnostics specialist Charles Veys has teamed up with Professor Bruce Grieve, Director of the e-Agri Sensors Centre, to make sophisticated imaging technology accessible for small-scale farmers.
Charles explains: “Our initial aim was to put the disease diagnostics technology, used in the research laboratories of agrichemical giants, into the hands of developing world farmers. However, we found that appropriate equipment wasn’t available to farmers anywhere and it could have significant impact on crop yields. “This focus on affordable technology meant that we came at developing the device from a different perspective. So, rather than sensitive equipment and filtered electronics, we used cameras similar to those in our phones. Our unique spectral imaging technique uses household LEDs, but optimised for particular colours outside our visual range. All the while, we maintain the capabilities of lab equipment that would cost about £100k.”
FOTENIX’s spectral imaging offers the ability to detect crop diseases, including those with no visual symptoms such as Light Leaf Spot, and provides improved prediction of yields – even under difficult conditions such as counting white fruit flowers amidst white table top guttering.
Charles continues: “Essentially, we’re detecting disease so producers know exactly where and when to spray. When the device is being used, it translates the raw information and creates an image so producers can choose to bring forward their application schedule and reduce crop losses.
“We intend that FOTENIX’s imaging-advice-action can be offered as a fully automated process so we’re currently working with Saga Robotics and their systems to achieve this.
“It is encouraging that larger machinery providers are starting to appreciate how open, interoperable systems are of benefit to everyone. Our goal is that FOTENIX will be integrated within equipment, as it could deliver immediate operational savings – and help continue the work of environmental stewardship, which is becoming increasingly important to the future of farming.”
The device is currently being trialled in UK and overseas projects, including at Rothamsted Research, CHAP, Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food Technology and Berry Gardens Growers cooperative. FOTENIX is currently seeking other trial partners, from machinery providers to early-adopter farmers ahead of commercial release in 2020.

REAP – Innovating towards One Agriculture not limited by age or geography

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Agri-TechE

Emerging agri-tech offers solutions to global challenges, and new thinking on good agricultural practice is not limited by age or geography – these are some of the uplifting messages to come out of Agri-Tech’s REAP conference ‘Innovating towards One Agriculture’.

The world has found technological solutions to major challenges before – improvements in plant breeding, nutrition and irrigation created a green revolution in the 1960s that significantly increased agricultural production worldwide – now the challenge is how to work with nature to optimise the finite resources that the planet offers.

If you are unable to see the video above you can view it on YouTube here.

The REAP Start-Up Showcase and other speakers this year demonstrated clearly an international perspective. Entrepreneurs based in Cornwall, Manchester, Oxford and London, and with perspectives drawn from Argentina, Mexico and Sub-Saharan Africa, shared insights on the technologies that are on the roadmap towards ‘One Agriculture’.
Dr Belinda Clarke, Director of Agri-Tech, explains: “Food systems, human health, animal health and the environment are underpinned by innovation in the way food is produced. This brings with it a huge opportunity to create sustainable, productive and profitable farming enterprises.”
Agri-Tech’s vision is to bring together farmers and growers with scientists, technologists and entrepreneurs to create a global innovation hub in agri-tech. Belinda continues: “The east-of-England is rich in innovation but the agri-tech cluster is not restricted by geography, so we have made the decision to remove it from our organisation’s name and Agri-TechE will become Agri-TechE from January.”
The name change was announced along with other international news: Agri-TechE is partnering with the Missouri Partnership to provide a gateway to UK companies to the St Louis agri-food ecosystem, in the heart of US agricultural production. The Missouri Agri-TechE Connect Programme in February 2020 will include networking event and tailored meetings. Read more about this exciting news here.

EcoNomad: ‘Waste To Energy’ Solution Accessible For Smallholders

Agri-tech start-up miniaturises biogas production to offer affordable option
Anaerobic digestion (AD) turns waste into biogas and a nutrient rich soil additive – but the current solutions are too complex and expensive for smallholdings. To give smaller farmers the benefit of AD, agri-tech start-up EcoNomad Solutions (Ilan Adler and Alex Demenko) has re-engineered the technology to create a more affordable option that uses passive heating methods and naturally occurring bacteria.
Ilan has previously co-founded a charity (IRRI-Mexico) and an award-winning social enterprise in Latin America (sistema.bio), which seek to bring a range of solutions for communities and smallholders in developing markets. Now EcoNomad is bringing a refined version of those technologies adapted to the UK and Europe at large.

Read more here

HayBeeSee: World’s First ‘Hopper’ Robot Could Halve Farmers’ Herbicide Use

A new hopping robot that can identify, map and kill weeds for hours at a time, with minimal supervision, was launched by UK start-up HayBeeSee at REAP. Crop Hopper, a jumping-quadcopter, promises to deliver large-scale precision agriculture that could cut farmers’ herbicide use by 50 per cent or more.
HayBeeSee co-founder Fred Miller has a family farm in Nebraska, USA, and trained as an aerospace engineer. He could see the benefits of using drones, but understood their limitations. So, he set about developing a whole new classification of vehicle using the cutting-edge concept of a jumping robot with a quadcopter underneath to help it hover a short distance above the ground.

Read more here

MoA Technology: Is Time Up For Blackgrass?

Agri-TechE Start-up MoA Technology offers a rapid screening technology for herbicide development
A radically different approach to herbicide development that uses insights from evolutionary biology to offer new modes of action is being offered by start-up MoA Technology. The company has developed a crop protection discovery platform to find new herbicide leads. Co-founder Professor Liam Dolan says that its rapid screening process, which uses both whole plants and active ingredients, should fast-track the introduction of effective herbicides with low environmental impacts.
By developing herbicides with different modes of action, MoA Technology is confident that it can break the herbicide ‘arms race’ and provide more sustainable solutions to farmers. The company recently raised £8 million.

Read more here

Zelp: Capturing Cattle Burps to Reduce Greenhouse Gases

Sons of Argentinian rancher combine farming knowledge with technical expertise
Cow burps have been slammed as a major cause of greenhouse gas (GHG) – but how much methane is produced and can it be reduced? These are the questions being addressed by agri-tech start-up Zelp, which has developed a way to capture methane emissions and oxidise them in the field. Zelp was established by two brothers whose family runs a cattle ranch in Argentina.
Zelp co-founder Francisco Norris is a design technologist, while his brother Patricio is an expert in natural gas and methane treatment. They were brought up on a family farm, which rears 1,500 animals, so have significant understanding of the issues facing farmers looking to improve sustainability and profitability.
They recently closed a funding round of $1.2 million

Read more here

Glas Data: Helping Farmers Understand Patterns In Their Data

Cornish agri-tech start-up aggregates relevant data sources in one easy-to-use dashboard
Glas Data’s farm-centric dashboard, GlasCore, allows you to input agri-data from any source. GlasCore provides fully customisable visualisation and modelling without the need for specialist skills. In addition to data aggregation and visualisation, Glas Data is also moving towards offering predictive modelling. Many yield models have developed over the years, and Glas Data is making these readily available to farmers.
Rob Sanders, co-founder of Glas Data, returned to his West Country roots after working as a software engineer in London for many years. Glas Data is currently doing a project with Rothamsted Research.

Read more here

FOTENIX: Lab-Quality Crop Analytics Now At Farmers’ Fingertips

Start-up FOTENIX launches cost-effective spectral imaging device at REAP 2019
To provide affordable crop diagnostics in real-time, agri-tech start-up FOTENIX has miniaturised lab quality technology so it can be used in the field. Spectral image data is captured with a standard camera and LED flash and transmitted for analysis in the cloud, with results delivered to producers’ smartphones. The compact device is the size of a shoebox and can be integrated into farm equipment.
Crop diagnostics specialist Charles Veys has teamed up with Professor Bruce Grieve, Director of the e-Agri Sensors Centre (who works with the Gates Foundation in Sub-Saharan Africa), to make sophisticated imaging technology affordable for small scale farmers.

Read more here

REAP Conference 2020 will take place on 10th November in Newmarket.

Zelp is capturing cattle burps to reduce greenhouse gases

Agri-TechE Article
Agri-TechE

Cow burps have been slammed as a major cause of greenhouse gas (GHG) – but how much methane is produced and can it be reduced? These are the questions being addressed by agri-tech start-up Zelp, which has developed a way to capture methane emissions and oxidise them in the field. Zelp was established by two brothers whose family runs a cattle ranch in Argentina.

Methane correlates with feed efficiency. An animal that is producing excess gas could be wasting 5-12 per cent of their feed energy, which could otherwise be used for generating milk or mass. A sudden reduction in emissions can also provide an indication that the animal is unwell.

Zelp co-founder Francisco Norris is a design technologist, while his brother Patricio is an expert in natural gas and methane treatment. They were brought up on a family farm, which rears 1,500 animals, so have significant understanding of the issues facing farmers looking to improve sustainability and profitability.

Francisco explains: “The UN FAO estimates that beef and dairy production is set to rise by 70 per cent over the next 30 years. Already agriculture accounts for one-tenth of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gas, so we see methane production as a growing issue.

“However, the majority of livestock production in Argentina and also the UK is on grassland, so it is not possible to adjust the feed to reduce emissions. We have developed a technology that can detect when the cow burps – exhaling methane at high purity – and captures the gas to convert it to CO2 and water, reducing its global warming potential by a factor of 85 times.

“It is important that the capture device does not impact the cow’s behaviour, so we have been experimenting to devise the best method – which started as a type of nose-clip, and is now a wearable that sits comfortably on the muzzle of the cow. The idea is when cattle are grazing, data from the device, called a ‘node’, transmits automatically to a gateway, which sends the data to the cloud. We can then access the data remotely, allowing a detailed picture to be built up of the way methane is being produced, learning about efficiency and animal behaviour as well as detecting disease and trends.”

Agri-TechE member Max MacGillivray of Redfox talked to Francisco at REAP 2019 – watch the interview above or on YouTube here.

Zelp is completing a series of trials in the lab and field and anticipates that farmers will be able to use the information generated to improve productivity and decrease GHG emissions.
Francisco continues: “Methane production can give farmers a lot of information on how efficient individual cows are at digesting food and converting that energy into milk or mass. Also it can highlight health issues with the animal, a failure to thrive or bacterial infection.

“Before Zelp it was not possible to access this information. We are looking at how methane production differs between different breeds and the impact of diet. Potentially we will be able to correlate the emissions to heat, oestrous and calving and to a number of different value adds for the producer.”

Zelp has gained $1.2 million in funding and is working with one of the biggest beef processors in Europe to conduct its trials and develop an app. The company presented some of its recent data at REAP 2019.

Glas Data helps farmers understand patterns in their data

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Glas Data’s farm-centric dashboard, GlasCore, allows you to input agri-data from any source. GlasCore provides fully customisable visualisation and modelling without the need for specialist skills.
Rob Sanders, co-founder of Glas Data, explains how he returned to his West Country roots after working as a software engineer in London for many years: “I was brought up on a farm on Exmoor and could see how the technology I was using for financial modelling could be adapted to support farmers.
“The existing software is very prescriptive. I saw the potential for an app that aggregates on-farm data and supports relevant external data sources.
“For example, our family dairy farm can access lots of data information from the National Milk Laboratory such as butterfat levels, protein content, and somatic cell count, and it works with a company that collects the milk and provides temperature and volume readings. It has support from Kite Consulting on health and wellbeing in addition to our own records. “The idea of Glas Data is to create a dashboard that brings together these data feeds with additional information on soils, weather etc. so that it is easy to see how one variable affects another on a single screen.
“The software understands and communicates with third-party data sources, which overcomes the problem of different data formats. We have asked farmers what data they want to access and in most cases have managed to agree with the data owner about access – in many cases, the information is publicly available or the user already owns it.
“We offer a user-friendly interface. Innovative data-owners see that this is a good channel for optimising their data.”
Several companies already see the value of Glas Data’s approach. Trewithen Dairy is a unique brand that works closely with its 32 dairy farmers. The processor sees the potential of using data insights through Glas Data to differentiate its products with consumers and feedback knowledge to its producers.
Rob explains that animal diet can improve the taste and nutrition of the end food product. “Soils in Cornwall are naturally high in selenium, a trace element that supports the immune system. Being able to verify this in the milk is a regional advantage.”
In addition to data aggregation and visualisation, Glas Data is also moving towards offering predictive modelling.
Rob has experience using neural networks, an artificial intelligence technology that learns from patterns in data. Rob explains: “Neural networks specialise in predicting outcomes based on pattern recognition.
“Historically, the problem with farming is the number of variables, but increasing computing power copes with this. If you can get good quality data into the system and capture the variables, the system tells you things like, ‘if you change this you’ll increase yield by 10%.’
“For us, this is really exciting. Many yield models have developed over the years, and we are making these readily available to farmers.”
Glas Data’s office is in Tremough Innovation Centre, which is run by the University of Plymouth. Rob and his co-founder Colin Phillipson are part of a nine-strong team. The company attracted seed funding and is working towards a Series A round.
“The incubator aims to create jobs and value in Cornwall, so we’ve done that, and it’s going really well. We’re focused on proving the software and generating revenue. If all goes well, we’ll be doubling the size of our team next year and bringing our (new) product to market. It’ll be commercially available on a large scale later in 2020.”

EcoNomad’s ‘waste to energy’ solution accessible for smallholders

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) turns waste into biogas and a nutrient-rich soil additive – but the current solutions are too complex and expensive for smallholdings. To give smaller farmers the benefit of AD, agri-tech start-up EcoNomad Solutions (founded by Ilan Adler and Alex Demenko) has re-engineered the technology to create a more affordable option that uses passive heating methods and naturally occurring bacteria.
Ilan has previously co-founded a charity (IRRI-Mexico) and an award-winning social enterprise in Latin America (sistema.bio), which seek to bring a range of solutions for communities and smallholders in developing markets. Now EcoNomad is bringing a refined version of those technologies adapted to the UK and Europe at large.
EcoNomad is a spin-out from the Royal Academy of Engineering and University College London. Ilan Adler explains: “What we are offering is a ‘waste to energy’ solution for small farmers, in the form of a simple and easy to operate biogas reactor. We have also patented a solar pumping and pasteurisation unit that can be used for irrigation and is a lot more affordable than most on the market. “We have received funding for prototyping and testing and plan to go to market next year. Our sister company based in Mexico has developed a biogas unit that has worked well for smallholders in warm climates. The waste goes into the system and produces biogas, with a high-quality liquid fertiliser as a by-product that can be used onsite or sold as appropriate.
“EcoNomad is adapting and commercialising the system for use in more temperate environments. It is a scaled-down version of the AD process and uses naturally occurring bacteria already present in the manure of agricultural waste. We have designed the mixing and operating process so that it is easy to use, with minimum inputs, even in off-grid locations.”
Co-founder Alex Demenko adds: “AD has attracted controversy as the big plants require a lot of input, with farmers growing ‘energy crops’ such as maize to feed the reactors, on land that could be used for food. Our product offers a pragmatic solution that could be used by smallholders with few animals, or even a riding stable.”
“Getting rid of manure can be an issue for our clients and our system turns it into a valuable commodity.”
Ilan and Alex hope that participating at REAP 2019 will provide necessary exposure and feedback to promote the solutions to the farming community in the UK and overseas.

Agri-TechE Week 2019: Agri-TechE in Action

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Technology that reduces cost, improves the efficiency and promotes the health of plants and animals was showcased at ‘Agri-TechE in Action’. This Agri-TechE Week event was co-hosted by the Royal Norfolk Agricultural Association (RNAA) and Easton and Otley College.

Precision enables prediction and prevention – the key words to describe the technologies discussed, which were aimed at improving the precision of seed drilling, using plants own defence systems to improve resilience and next generation ear tags that can monitor the health of cattle.
By providing early warning of issues that would not be visible with the naked eye the technology improves the ability to intervene before the problem escalates.

Farming for the future with Väderstad seed eye

Väderstad discussed its new technology which allows variable rate seed drilling and tram lining. It uses wireless communications between tractor and device to control the drilling. The company discussed the potential of the Internet of Things – where devices are able to communicate with each other to send data in real-time – and it is ensuring that new developments offer inter-operabilty with existing farm management software.

Growing cereals without fungicide

Mark Law of Law Fertilisers talked about the company’s Enhanced Nutrient Programme, which uses scientific insights into plant nutrition to build resilience in healthy plants.
Boosting and enhancing the naturally occurring plant processes, or “elicitors”, by using added nutrition such as selenium, phosphorus etc at the right time can help the plant build even great resilience to pests and diseases and optimise growth.
It is necessary to understand the nutritional needs of the plant at times of stress and ensure deliver appropriate nutrients and ways of managing biology and chemistry in the plant.

Ear tags for cattle

Heat detection and fertility drives everything on a dairy farm and it is important to maintain consistency as cattle are more content if they have a regular routine with the same people.
Ben Nottage, from Worldwide Sires UK, has developed a wireless ear sensor that can accurately predict when a cow is going into heat or is ill. Monitors allow comparisons of each individual animal and checks and logs changes from the normal behaviour from that individual. This allows early warning before there are visual signs.

Agri-TechE Week 2019: Developing to inspire

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New sources of funding and the opportunities for collaborative research were among the themes discussed at the Agri-TechE Week event hosted by Rothamsted Research in collaboration with the University of Hertfordshire and supported by the Green Triangle.

Sources of funding

AgRIA is a £2.7M fund to support innovation projects that bring together researchers and small businesses. The business contributes £8k to gain access to academic brains for a six-month project to the value of up to £65k. The next round is to be advertised in March 2020.
One of the companies to benefit is Phytoform Labs, a biotechnology company which aims to help breeders to cut down plant breeding times from decades to years using new gene editing technologies. CEO Dr William Pelton discussed the progress so far.
SHAKE Climate Change programme is specifically designed to attract entrepreneurs or start-ups who have developed early stage science or tech-based ideas that can have a significant impact on climate change and form the basis of a sustainable and socially responsible business within the sector. As well as receiving funding under the programme, entrepreneurs will benefit from mentoring and training programmes to help make their projects viable.
A good example of this is Th!nk Food, founded by Rothamsted Research scientist Sajeev Erangu Purath Mohankumar. The company is looking at how gamification can encourage consumer engagement in low carbon food production. The aim is to demonstrate the environmental impact of food systems, but visualising the carbon footprint of components in a food basket. The produce will allow users to track emissions and nudge for alternative food options, it captures metrics around seasonality and provenance.
It is not just retailers and farmshops that would have an interest in this concept; some towns are also adopting sustainability, for example Letchworth Garden City is involved in an initiative to support a healthy and sustainable food economy.

Collaborative research 

Students from UCL, University of Hertfordshire and Cranfield University, together with Rothamsted Research, are working on industry projects such as a programme with Syngenta to understand the factors that affect pesticide disposable foliar residues, and another with ADAS to investigate interactions between fungal pathogens.
Yongjui Han spoke about how her PhD student, James Fortune at University of Hertfordshire, had gained confidence, commercial awareness, practical agricultural experience, networking and multi-disciplinary experience from participation in collaborative research, linking academic with practical field research for ideas, developing assays and methodologies, and helping academia increase their capacity for commercially relevant research.

FarmInn

FarmInn is a programme run by Rothamsted to connect their farmers and scientists. It started in February 2019 and currently has eight active projects including:

  • Cross drilling in wheat
  • Beef quality produced from permanent pasture
  • Seed treatments to delay the emergence of winter wheat and allow blackgrass control
  • Managing fungicide input on winter wheat.

No Till 

One of the FarmInn projects was suggested by local farmer Ian Pigott, Managing Partner at Thrales End Farm, who is working with Rothamsted scientist Andrew Riche to investigate the use of biological soil actives and/or liquid fertiliser within a zero tillage system.
Within a no-till system, there is an incentive to plant autumn crops a week earlier when soil is warmer. As the soil is not being moved there isn’t the oxidisation and release of carbon which gives seeds a kick start, so farmers find the crop is slow to get away. The question being answered by the project is ‘would the use biostimulants allow a delay in drilling and still enable the crop to get up and away before the winter?’
The idea is then to apply liquid fertiliser in the spring to benefit from when the soil warms up.
Ian’s idea is innovative and to disseminate project findings they are using social media to reach groups of farmers internationally.
The event concluded with facilitated workshop groups discussing some topical issues including:

  1. Farmer-Led Innovations – What ideas could be tested on-farm to help create a more resilient and competitive UK agricultural industry?
  2. What will the world look like in 100 years if nothing is done to combat the effects of climate change.
  3. What should government and society prioritise to enable sustainable food?
  4. What do delegates consider the most useful emerging technology to be?

Agri-TechE Week 2019: Irrigation and evaporation

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This Agri-TechE Week event, hosted by AHDB, looked at the effective use of irrigation and evaporation and best practice for soil and water management for farmers and growers in East Anglia.

Irrigation in practice at SPot (Strategic Potato Farm) North – Will Gagg, Farm Manager, RJ and AE Godfrey Gagg

Will is exploring water management and irrigation by comparing different irrigation techniques, including drip, boom and gun irrigation.
Cost benefit analysis – There was an initial investment of £350,000 into cost of the irrigation system, adapting irrigation methods to suit soil types and extensive staff training. Will has been evaluating the costs involved in the different irrigation systems he is trialling. By breaking costs down into servicing, fuel usage and depreciation for example, he has been able to identify areas where costs could potentially be reduced.
Impact on yield – Will is closely examining the impact of the different irrigation methods by assessing yield, fungal diseases like common scab and quality. Initial results from trials are showing little differences in yield between the different methods, according to Will. However, better quality appears to be achieved with the drip irrigation treatment and initial results from irrigation trials are showing that boom irrigation works better on one soil type compared to the other. It’s still early days for drawing conclusions and an additional year of trials on a different soil type will provide a clearer picture of which methods are more suitable to which soil and whether the investing in drip irrigation is justified.
Challenges – Implementing and deploying a new technology on-farm doesn’t come without its challenges. For drip irrigation, it is retrieving tape from the soil. One of the farmers in the audience suggested integrating tape retrieval with other machinery activities, to prevent an additional journey, saving costs and reducing compaction.
Looking ahead to next year’s trials, Will commented that the challenge of using pipe systems for different activities in the field has been selected for 2020.

Precision agriculture – Marcus Travers from SoilEssentials

Marcus highlighted the many different ways in which precision agriculture can be used for effective water management on farm.
Precision agriculture relies on the evaluation of several different data types, ranging from NDVI from drone imagery, to various types of soil maps such as soil texture maps, rainfall and other types of water data. Marcus explained how this data can be used to understand how different crops use water, to determine the efficiency of different application systems and to prioritise which areas require irrigation.
For example datasets such as NDVI provide insight into canopy growth and can be used to gain insight into how irrigation affect yield. Additionally, fields will very often have gradients, which can lead to water runoff or uneven irrigation if not managed effectively. Soil gradient and texture maps can therefore help farmers to zone out fields to target which areas would benefit more from irrigation.
This means that you can quantify inputs and outputs.
A simple starting point for assessing the efficiency of an irrigation system and identifying where to irrigate is by flying a drone during irrigation. This provides a visual indicator of the ‘water arc’ from a boom irrigation system for example.
A high degree of precision does involve costs , but these can be offset by adapting the type of machinery used or by assessing the level of accuracy that is required for decision-making i.e. does data need to be collected every 10 minutes or at the centimetre level?

Irrigation and environmental considerations – Ed Bramham-Jones, head of farming and water at the Norfolk Rivers Trust

The East of England is home to 58 of 200 chalk streams worldwide so it is vital that these ecosystems are preserved. This requires joined-up thinking and taking a multi-disciplinary approach to implementing practical and achievable solutions on a large scale.
Ed outlined how the Norfolk Rivers Trust is working collaboratively with farmers, conservationists and the wider supply chain to improve water management on farm as exemplified by the Catchment-Based Approach to managing water in the environment.

  • Impact of soil health – A soil with high organic matter content will have a higher water retention potential than a soil containing low organic matter.
  • Pre-growing season planning – match soil type with crop variety. Varieties differ in their water use efficiency and green cover e.g. with cover crops (particularly on light soils).
  • Soil compaction – Funding is available for growers to test out equipment that can mitigate the impact of wheeling and therefore decrease water runoff.
  • Post-growing – research from ADAS shows that soil cultivation is key to reducing runoff.

Other ways to mitigate water and soil runoff:
1. Silt trap interventions e.g. Salle Farm trial captured 7.5 T of soil from a single trap.
2. Fencing strategic areas. Trials in the South captured 80 T of soil in a few days.
3. Tracks and gateways around driveways on farm – trials at Elveden compared different equipment on high traffic areas.
The Norfolk Rivers Trust continues to explore innovative ways of managing water e.g. agroforestry approach: intercropping potatoes with hedges of walnut and hazelnut.
If this subject is of interest to you more information can be obtained from Teresa. Meadows(at)ahdb.org.uk,

Agri-TechE Week 2019: Getting Value from AI in Agriculture

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Getting value from AI in Agriculture was the theme of a presentation by Matthew Smith, who has just joined Agrimetrics to head up product development.

The event was organised by the Institute for Agricultural Management and hosted at Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food Technology (LIAT) as part of Agri-TechE Week 2019.

AI in Agriculture

To implement AI in the field needs more than connectivity, it also requires a common framework for relating one type of data, eg crop data, with another such as soil data. Matthew explained how work by Agrimetrics on digitising field boundaries is helping to provide this framework and this will be super helpful for ensuring data is meaningful.
It will allow, for example, a high accuracy soil moisture map to be created with a few soil sensors on the ground combined with aerial imagery.  AI would be able to find and link the data and provide meaningful insights.
Examples are already emerging, such as the work with BASF to develop a planning tool that uses information about weather forecasts and soil moisture to determine when to spray to avoid runoff.

IoT platform FarmBeats uses white space 

Matthew, who until recently was director of business development at Microsoft, described how Microsoft’s Azure platform is being used in agriculture to facilitate the application of AI. For example, FarmBeats is an Internet of Things platform which uses unlicensed TV white spaces — the radio frequencies allocated to broadcasting services — to establish a high-bandwidth link from a farmer’s home internet connection to a base station. Sensors and drones then connect to the base station, which draws power from a battery-backed solar panel pack.
Other applications include smart tools to improve precision in time (eg crop emergence), in detail (eg identifying an intruder in a cow shed), or within forecasting (eg weather or harvest date).
Matthew also touched on robotics, for example robotic milkers reduce stress and also provide information that can be used by the farmer to improve decision making.

AI for insights 

Another area where there are tangible benefits is in traceability – collation of data at all points in the value chain can provide evidence, for example of the use of medication in livestock rearing or tracing a product back to its source. Matthew predicted that traceability is going to be as regular a part of business as accounting is now.
Matthew also predicted that there will be more organisations basing advice on data gained from generators. In South America financial people are also the agronomists and provide guidance on the data they collect from farms for accounts.
However, he did raise a number of issues:

  • Need more investment in validation of tech to ensure that its useful on farm
  • Data ownership is a big challenge – there is a need to provide value to the data generator. There are different models for doing this, for example the Dutch producers work together and pool their data to make the country more competitive at a global level
  • To gain value from your own data you really need someone to do the analysis for you and this can be a good investment in the longer term
  • EU has rules on data sharing to protect data for generators in agriculture – just like approving cookies on the internet we may have to give permission for data sharing in future.

Boosting productivity and pollinators

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Sarah Barnsley REAP 2019“I have seen many farms across the country and beyond where the balance between food production and nature is already being achieved,” says Sarah Barnsley, Postgraduate Researcher at the University of East Anglia. “So I have enormous hope that the future of farming will be more sustainable.” Sarah is speaking in the Emerging Agri-TechE Session at REAP 2019.
“There is an increasing recognition of the importance of ecosystem functioning so that if you restore ecosystem balance, you benefit nature but also increase productivity.
“For example, over 1,000 pollinator species within the UK contribute millions in terms of increased crop yield. Of course pollination is only one of many ecosystem functions that contribute to food production.
“The research that I am undertaking is examining how we can increase food resources for pollinators in UK agricultural landscapes. I am looking at how we can use remote sensing technologies to identify various wildflower and hedgerow species and therefore the food supply that is already available on-farm. This way we would be able to identify any gaps that need to be filled either spatially or temporally.
“I am also identifying how the wildflower composition of different areas of a farm influences the pollinator community there. The nectar reward provided by different flowers might not be available for all species, for example if their tongue is not the right length to reach the nectar. We can start to piece together the building blocks of what different pollinators need and provide that on-farm, for example by changing the composition of wildflower mixes.
“By improving the food supply for pollinators as a whole you could enhance pollination services and crop yield. Putting some cropped land towards suitable habitat for wildlife doesn’t have to affect profitability either, if you take the low producing parts of a field out, for example the hard to reach corners of a field.
“A study published in 2015 by Pywell et al demonstrated that by turning up to 8 per cent of unproductive cropped land to habitat, the same level of productivity could be maintained overall.
“I believe that we have many of the answers already and that the key enabler needed is a shift of willpower across all of society to put these solutions into place. Farmers have a part to play, but so do consumers, government and advisory bodies.
“Farming can be part of the solution in terms of maintaining and enhancing biodiversity and in terms of meeting the resource requirements of a growing global population.”
Sarah Barnsley has a BSc in Animal Science from the University of Reading and an MSc in Conservation Science from Imperial College. She is currently completing a PhD at the University of East Anglia, in collaboration with HL Hutchinson Ltd, looking at how foraging resources can be managed for pollinators at the whole farm scale.
Read more about REAP 2019 here.

Walking in the shoes of medieval farmers provides context for precision farming

Agri-TechE Article
Agri-TechE

Henry Webber REAP 2019Henry Webber’s interest in archaeology started on his family’s farm in Essex, where a dig revealed its medieval origins. He was later intrigued to find that modern-day technology used in precision farming is also helping to reveal more about the extents and locations of archaeological sites.
“The way in which land was used in the very distant past can still have a significant impact on land used today for agriculture,” says Henry, now an agricultural policy advisor at Defra.
“Where people and particular farming practices have existed for long periods, nutrients can build up in soils. For example, buried Roman villas, Bronze Age burial pits and even WWII remains can all affect the nutrient levels in soils, in some cases nearly doubling the levels of phosphorus and high levels of heavy metals.
“This legacy could have implications when targeting soil analysis and for the precision application of nutrients.
“In my work I integrate precision farming and archaeology. By taking what we know about past land use of a field, it is possible to make better and more targeted decisions about the soils and crops being managed today.
“In the future we may have similar issues but at a much larger scale that could really impact our ability, for example, to increase soil organic matter without loading the soil with heavy metals.”
Henry is investigating the use of archaeological and agricultural datasets to provide better information on soil variation in the UK, within his PhD. He is discussing how a historical perspective can be used to inform precision agriculture in the Emerging Agri-TechE session of the REAP conference on 6 November 2019.
“Archaeology inherently involves a long term perspective and we can help use that to inform modern practices,” he continues. “Farming has always had to change as times goes on, the environment changes, people change, therefore as sustainability becomes embedded with society, so will the future of farming.”
Read more about REAP 2019 here.

Sustainable agriculture has important role in One Health

Agri-TechE Article
Agri-TechE

Simon Doherty“Instead of buying cheap imported animal products, which potentially have a big carbon footprint, we’re encouraging retailers and consumers to purchase UK produced, farm quality assured produce.”
Speaking in the REAP keynote panel is Simon Doherty, President of the British Veterinary Association (BVA) and champion of One Health, a collaborative approach to improving health and wellbeing, and welfare and productivity. He sees the conference as an opportunity to bring farmers to the table.
“Less and better is a bit counterintuitive in some ways, but it is going to have a direct One Health benefit.” he explains. “We’re not suggesting that Wales produces less lamb, that England and Scotland produce less beef and Northern Ireland produces less dairy, it is about reducing waste and better nutrition.”
One Health approach to antimicrobial resistance
BVA has been instrumental in establishing the UK One Health Coordination Group. Simon outlines that the purpose of One Health is to bring together the triad of human health, animal health and environmental health: “It’s that whole sphere.
He highlights tackling antimicrobial resistance as one area where the One Health approach has delivered tangible results, leading to a 40% reduction in sales of antibiotics for food-producing animals over the last five years.
Simon explains: “While antimicrobial resistance is perhaps the biggest and most cited example of the need for a One Health approach, another example would be raw milk production.
“In order to be licensed as a raw milk producer the herd needs to be clear of TB. Maintaining this requires a robust farm management and biosecurity plan – the environmental aspect – close monitoring of the animals’ health and, in terms of human health, there’s benefit of consumer choice and well-produced dairy products.”
Benefits for farming
Expanding on the role farmers have to play in the One Health agenda, Simon said:
“Sustainable production – and consumption – of animals and animal products can have a positive impact on animal welfare, and this provides an opportunity to drive consumer demand for healthier, higher welfare products.
“Until now the farming community hasn’t been explicitly part of the UK One Health Coordination Group, but I see the role of farmers, in terms of their buy-in to sustainability and the One Health agenda, is to be very much at the table.”
Simon DohertyOne Health in Action 
The UK One Health Coordination Group, currently chaired by Simon as BVA President, is preparing a One Health in Action report that will give examples of best practice. At REAP 2019, Simon will be sharing some highlights and case-studies from the report, which is due to launch in the Autumn.
He comments: “Support of the farming community is key to progressing One Health. Already, ongoing work by vets, farmers and industry has already led to a 40% reduction in sales of antibiotics over the last five years. We must maintain this joined-up momentum in the face of the ongoing global threat posed by antimicrobial resistance – and build upon current achievements.
“It is about getting the right people coming together and only then will we work out a sensible solution to the challenges we face.”

Integrated approach to help agriculture become sustainable and profitable

This year’s REAP Conference Innovating Towards One Agriculture will explore how an integrated approach to food systems that brings together the environment, humans, animals, soils, society and crops would help agriculture become more productive and sustainable.
REAP 2019 will be held on Wednesday 6 November, 10am – 6pm, at Rowley Mile Conference Centre, Newmarket. Find out more at reapconference.co.uk Bursaries are available to farmers and students studying relevant subjects.